Circumcision rates declining in U.S., study says

By Jessica Firger

April 2, 2014 / 4:41 PM / CBS News

2014년 미국 CBS 뉴스에서 포경수술에 관하여 조사하여 발표한 내용입니다.

요약발췌하면

1) 영유아 포경수술은 소아 예방백신 접종과 동등하게 간주되어야 한다.

2) 미국질병관리국에 따르면 14세에서 59세까지 미국 남성의 포경수술 비율은 81%였다.

3) 미국내 인종간 포경수술비율은 백인 남성은 91%, 흑인은 76%, 히스패닉 남성은 44%였다.

4) 임상연구상 포경수술은 영유아를 요로감염으로부터 보호한다.

5) 포경수술은 또한 HIV(에이즈)와 HPV(성기사마귀와 일부 암을 일으키는 인유두종바이러스)의 감염 위험을 낮춰주는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

6) 다른 연구에서는 HIV 감염을 60%, 성기 헤르페스를 30%, 발암유발성의 HPV 감염을 35%까지 감소시킨다고 하였다.

Circumcision for male infants is becoming less common in the U.S., according to new data published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings. The paper also finds that over their lifetime, half of all uncircumcised males will contract a medical condition related to their foreskin.

Their findings further back up a 2012 public statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics in support of widespread education initiatives and access to infant male circumcision.

"Infant circumcision should be regarded as equivalent to childhood vaccination,"

영유아 포경수술은 소아 예방백신 접종과 동등하게 간주되어야 한다.

said Brian Morris, coauthor of the new report and professor emeritus in the School of Medical Sciences at the University of Sydney, in a press release. "As such, it would be unethical not to routinely offer parents circumcision for their baby boy. Delay puts the child's health at risk and will usually mean it will never happen."

Morris and his colleagues found the circumcision rate in newborns has declined from 83 percent in the 1960s to 77 percent in 2010.

(The overall rate among U.S. males age 14 to 59 is 81 percent, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)

미국질병관리국에 따르면 14세에서 59세까지 미국 남성의 포경수술 비율은 81%였다.

Additionally, the data suggests there is a racial disparity driven primarily by access to procedure and cultural and educational factors.

Circumcision rates over the last decade reached 91 percent in white men, 76 percent in black men and only 44 percent in Hispanic men.

미국내 인종간 포경수술비율은 백인 남성은 91%, 흑인은 76%, 히스패닉 남성은 44%였다.

The authors speculate several reasons for this. In the U.S., the Hispanic population continues to rise, and the researchers suggest that families in this demographic tend to be less familiar with the procedure and its benefits. Additionally, they speculate that the gap in health insurance access -- including Medicaid -- has resulted in many families opting to skip the procedure to save money. On average, circumcision rates are 24 percent lower in states lacking Medicaid coverage for the poor.

The study says the benefits of newborn circumcision exceed the risks by at least 100 to 1.

Clinical research has found circumcision can safeguard an infant from a number of health complications, most notably urinary tract infections. Kidney damage develops in about half of infants who contract a UTI. The adult lifetime risk for a UTI is approximately 1 in 3 for uncircumcised men.

임상연구상 포경수술은 영유아를 요로감염으로부터 보호한다.

Additionally, circumcision has been found to lowers one's risk for contracting HIV and HPV, the human papilloma virus, which can cause genital warts and has been linked to some cancers.

포경수술은 또한 HIV(에이즈)와 HPV(성기사마귀와 일부 암을 일으키는 인유두종바이러스)의 감염 위험을 낮춰주는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

Another study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association reviewed more than 500 studies, finding that circumcision reduces risk for HIV transmission in heterosexual men by 60 percent, genital herpes by 30 percent, and cancer-causing strains of HPV by 35 percent.

다른 연구에서는 HIV 감염을 60%, 성기 헤르페스를 30%, 발암유발성의 HPV 감염을 35%까지 감소시킨다고 하였다.

Some research suggests that circumcision in infancy actually lowers the risk for prostate cancer in adulthood. A study of 3,400 men found those who were circumcised before their first sexual intercourse were 15 percent less likely to develop prostate cancer than men who were not.

Opponents of circumcision say removing the foreskin decreases sensitivity and limits sensation during sexual activity. Others say circumcision is a human rights issue, and that it's unethical for a family to make the decision for their child.

First published on April 2, 2014 / 4:41 PM

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